Kungani I-Copper Iyi-Conductor Enhle Kagesi?

Ngenxa ye-conductivity yayo kagesi enhle kakhulu, ithusi iyinsimbi esetshenziswa kabanzi emisebenzini ehlukahlukene kagesi.Inezici eziningana zomzimba namakhemikhali eziyenza ibe umqhubi okahle kagesi.

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Okokuqala, ithusi line-conductivity ephezulu kagesi.I-Conductivity isho ikhono lempahla ukuthwala amandla kagesi.I-Copper ine-conductivity ephakeme kakhulu kagesi kuzo zonke izinsimbi.I-conductivity yayo ekamelweni lokushisa cishe i-58.5 million Siemens imitha ngayinye (S/m).Lokhu kuqhuba okuphezulu kusho ukuthi ithusi lingakwazi ukuthutha kahle ukushaja futhi linciphise ukulahlekelwa kwamandla ngendlela yokushisa.Inika amandla ukuhamba kahle kwama-electron, ivumela ukudluliswa kwamandla kumabanga amade ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwamandla.

Esinye sezizathu ezenza ithusi lisebenze kakhulu yisakhiwo sayo se-athomu.I-Copper ine-electron eyodwa kuphela egobolondweni layo elingaphandle, eliboshwe ngokukhululeka kuyi-nucleus.Lesi sakhiwo sivumela ama-electron ukuba ahambe ngokukhululekile ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-lattice yethusi.Uma kusetshenziswa inkambu kagesi, lawa ma-electron amahhala angakwazi ukuhamba kalula ku-lattice, ephethe amandla kagesi anokumelana okuncane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithusi linokumelana okuphansi.I-resistivity ibhekisela ekuphikisweni okungokwemvelo kwento ekugelezeni kwamandla kagesi.Ukumelana nethusi ekamelweni lokushisa cishe ku-1.68 x 10^-8 ohm-metres (Ω·m).Lokhu kumelana okuphansi kusho ukuthi ithusi linikeza ukumelana okuncane kakhulu nokugeleza kwama-electron, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla nokukhiqiza ukushisa.Ukumelana okuphansi kubalulekile ezinhlelweni ezibandakanya izidingo zamanje eziphezulu, njengokudluliswa kwamandla nezintambo.

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I-Copper's conductivity kagesi enhle kakhulu ingenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezishisayo.Ine-conductivity ephezulu ye-thermal, okusho ukuthi iqhuba ukushisa kahle.Lesi sakhiwo siwusizo kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kukagesi ngoba ivumela ithusi ukuqeda ukushisa okukhiqizwa ukuhamba kwamandla kagesi.Ukukhipha ukushisa okuphumelelayo kusiza ukugcina ukuzinza nokuthembeka kwezingxenye zikagesi, ukuvimbela ukushisa nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo isikhathi eside.

Ukwengeza, ithusi iyinsimbi ene-ductile kakhulu.I-Ductility isho ikhono lempahla ezodonswa zibe izintambo ezincane ngaphandle kokuphuka.I-Copper's high ductility iyenza ilungele izintambo ngoba ingalolongwa kalula futhi ibunjwe izintambo ezincane, eziguquguqukayo.Lezi zintambo zingahanjiswa ngokuhlelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi, okuzenza zilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zikagesi ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nezakhiwo zokuhlala, ezohwebo nezimboni.

I-Copper nayo ikhombisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle.Uma kuvezwe emoyeni, kwakha ungqimba lwe-oxide oluvikelayo oluvimbela ukugqwala nokuwohloka okwengeziwe.Lesi sici sibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kukagesi njengoba siqinisekisa ukwethembeka kwesikhathi eside nokuqina kwamakhondatha ethusi.Ukumelana nokugqwala kwe-Copper kuyivumela ukuthi igcine ukuguquguquka kwayo kagesi isikhathi eside ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima.

Enye inzuzo yethusi njengomqhubi kagesi ukuchichima nokutholakala kwayo.Ithusi liyinto eningi esatshalaliswa emhlabeni wonke.Lokhu kufinyeleleka kukwenza kube ukukhetha okonga kwezinhlelo zikagesi ngenxa yokuthi utholakala kalula futhi ushibhile uma uqhathaniswa nezinye izinsimbi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu.

Ngamafuphi, ithusi liyi-conductor kagesi enhle kakhulu ngenxa ye-conductivity ephezulu kagesi, ukumelana okuphansi, izakhiwo ezishisayo, i-ductility, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nobuningi.Isakhiwo sayo se-athomu esiyingqayizivele kanye nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo kuvumela ukuthuthwa okuphumelelayo kwezindleko ngokulahleka kwamandla okuncane.I-Copper's unique conductivity kagesi iyenza ibe into ebaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni eziningi zikagesi, kusukela ekudluliselweni kwamandla nezintambo kuya ezintweni zikagesi namasekhethi.

 

 

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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-21-2023