Isingeniso solwazi oluyisisekelo lwesendlalelo sokuvikela umqhubi kanye nongqimba oluvikela insimbi

Isendlalelo esivikela ikhondatha (esibizwa nangokuthi isendlalelo esivikelayo sangaphakathi, isendlalelo esingaphakathi se-semi-conductive)

Isendlalelo esivikela ikhondatha siyisendlalelo esingesona esensimbi esikhishelwe kusikhondatha sekhebula, esilingana nekhondatha futhi sinokumelana nevolumu engu-100~1000Ω•m.I-Equipotential ne-conductor.

Ngokuvamile, amakhebuli ane-low-voltage engu-3kV nangaphansi awanawo ungqimba ovikela ikhondatha, futhi amakhebuli aphakathi nendawo naphezulu angu-6kV nangaphezulu kufanele abe nongqimba oluvikela ikhondatha.

Imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-conductor shielding layer: ukuqeda ukungalingani kwendawo yomqhubi;ukuqeda umphumela wethiphu ye-conductor surface;susa ama-pores phakathi kwe-conductor kanye ne-insulation;yenza i-conductor kanye ne-insulation isondelene;ngcono ukusatshalaliswa kwensimu kagesi ezungeze umqhubi;ungqimba oluvikela umqhubi wekhebula elixhumene nesiphambano, luphinde lube nomsebenzi wokuvimbela ukukhula kwezihlahla zikagesi nokuvikela ukushisa.

I-insulation layer (ebuye ibizwe nge-insulation main)

I-insulation eyinhloko yekhebula inomsebenzi othize wokumelana ne-voltage yesistimu.Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwekhebula, kufanele imelane ne-voltage elinganiselwe kanye ne-overvoltage ngesikhathi sokuhluleka kwesistimu isikhathi eside, i-voltage yomfutho wombani, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akukho umjikelezo omfishane wokuhlukana kwesihlobo noma isigaba ukuya kwesigaba okwenzeka ngaphansi kombuso wokushisa osebenzayo.Ngakho-ke, i-insulation material eyinhloko iyisihluthulelo sekhwalithi yekhebula.

I-polyethylene ene-Cross-linked iyinto enhle yokuvikela, manje esetshenziswa kabanzi.Umbala wayo unombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-mhlophe futhi uyashintshashintsha.Izici zayo yilezi: ukumelana nokufakwa okuphezulu;ikwazi ukumelana nemvamisa yamandla aphezulu kanye namandla okuqhekeka kwensimu kagesi ye-pulse;i-tangent yokulahlekelwa kwe-dielectric ephansi;ezinzile izakhiwo zamakhemikhali;ukumelana nokushisa okuhle, izinga lokushisa lesikhathi eside elivunyelwe ukusebenza elingu-90°C;izakhiwo ezinhle zemishini, ukucubungula kalula kanye nokwelashwa kwenqubo.

Isendlalelo sokuvikela ukuvikela (okubizwa nangokuthi isendlalelo sokuvikela sangaphandle, ungqimba olungaphandle lwe-semi-conductive)

Isendlalelo sokuvikela isivikelo siwusendlalelo okungezona ezensimbi esikhiphelwe ku-insulation eyinhloko yekhebula.Impahla yayo iphinde ibe yinto exhumene kakhulu enezici ze-semi-conductive kanye nokumelana nevolumu engu-500~1000Ω•m.I-equipotential ngokuvikela okuphansi.

Ngokuvamile, izintambo ezine-voltage ephansi engu-3kV nangaphansi azinawo ungqimba oluvikelayo, kanti amakhebuli aphakathi nendawo naphezulu angu-6kV nangaphezulu kufanele abe nongqimba oluvikelayo.

Indima ye-insulation shielding layer: ukuguqulwa phakathi kwe-insulation eyinhloko yekhebula kanye nesivikelo sensimbi ephansi, ukuze babe nokuxhumana okuseduze, susa igebe phakathi kwe-insulation kanye ne-grounding conductor;ukuqeda umphumela we-tip ebusweni be-tape yethusi ephansi;thuthukisa ukusatshalaliswa kwensimu kagesi ezungeze indawo yokushisa.

I-insulation shielding ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezikhumukayo nezingakhumuki ngokuya ngenqubo.Kuzintambo zikagesi ezimaphakathi, uhlobo olukhumukayo lusetshenziselwa ama-35kV nangaphansi.Isivikelo esihle se-insulation esikhumukayo sinokunamathela okuhle, futhi azikho izinhlayiya ze-semi-conductive ezisalayo ngemva kokukhumula.Uhlobo olungahluthuki lusetshenziswa ku-110kV nangaphezulu.Isendlalelo sokuvikela esingahluthuki sihlanganiswe ngokuqinile ne-insulation eyinhloko, futhi izidingo zenqubo yokwakha ziphakeme.

Isendlalelo esivikela insimbi

Isendlalelo sokuvikela insimbi sigoqwe ngaphandle kwesendlalelo sokuvikela.Isendlalelo esivikela insimbi ngokuvamile sisebenzisa itheyiphu yethusi noma ucingo lwethusi.Kuyisakhiwo esiyinhloko esikhawulela inkambu kagesi ngaphakathi kwekhebula futhi sivikela ukuphepha komuntu siqu.Kuphinde kube ungqimba oluyisivikelo oluphansi oluvikela ikhebula ekuphazamisekeni kwangaphandle kukagesi.

Uma iphutha lesisekelo noma le-short-circuit lenzeka ohlelweni, ungqimba lokuvikela insimbi luwumzila wamanje wokumisa wesifunda esifushane.Indawo yayo ephambanayo kufanele ibalwe futhi inqunywe ngokuvumelana nomthamo wesistimu yesifunda esifushane kanye nendlela yokusekela iphuzu elingathathi hlangothi.Ngokuvamile, indawo ephambanayo yongqimba oluvikelayo olubalwe ngohlelo lwe-10kV inconywa ukuthi ingabi ngaphansi kwamamilimitha-skwele angama-25.

Emigqeni yekhebula engu-110kV nangaphezulu, ungqimba oluvikela insimbi lwakhiwe ngegobolondo lensimbi, elinakho kokubili ukuvikela insimu kagesi nemisebenzi yokuvala engangeni manzi, futhi inomsebenzi wokuvikela ngomshini.

Impahla nokwakheka komgodla wensimbi ngokuvamile kusebenzisa umgodla kathayela we-aluminium;umgodla wethusi lukathayela;uthayela emgodleni wensimbi engagqwali;i-lead sheath, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona umgodla oyinhlanganisela, okuyisakhiwo lapho i-aluminium foil ixhunywe ku-PVC kanye ne-PE sheaths, esetshenziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni yaseYurophu naseMelika.

Isendlalelo sezikhali

Isendlalelo sezikhali zensimbi sigoqwe ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwangaphakathi, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa izembatho zensimbi ezinezingqimba ezimbili.Umsebenzi wayo ukuvikela ingaphakathi lekhebula nokuvimbela amandla angaphandle emishini ekulimazeni ikhebula ngesikhathi sokwakha nokusebenza.Iphinde ibe nomsebenzi wokuvikela umhlabathi.

Isendlalelo sezikhali sinezinhlobonhlobo zezakhiwo, njengezikhali zensimbi yensimbi, izikhali zensimbi ezingenasici, izikhali ezingezona ezensimbi, njll, ezisetshenziselwa izakhiwo zekhebula ezikhethekile.