Izintambo ze-Photovoltaic ziyisisekelo sokusekela imishini kagesi ezinhlelweni ze-photovoltaic.Inani lezintambo ezisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ze-photovoltaic lidlula lelo lezinhlelo ezijwayelekile zokuphehla amandla, futhi zingenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezithinta ukusebenza kahle kwalo lonke uhlelo.
Nakuba izintambo ze-photovoltaic DC kanye ne-AC zibiza cishe u-2-3% wezindleko zesistimu ye-photovoltaic esabalalisiwe, isipiliyoni sangempela sithole ukuthi ukusebenzisa izintambo ezingalungile kungase kuholele ekulahlekelweni komugqa ngokweqile kuphrojekthi, ukuqina okuphansi kokunikezwa kwamandla, nezinye izici ezinciphisa. ukubuyiselwa kwephrojekthi.
Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha izintambo ezifanele kunganciphisa ngempumelelo izinga lezingozi zephrojekthi, kuthuthukise ukwethembeka kokunikezwa kwamandla, futhi kube lula ukwakhiwa, ukusebenza nokugcinwa.
Izinhlobo zezintambo ze-photovoltaic
Ngokusho kwesistimu yeziteshi zamandla e-photovoltaic, izintambo zingahlukaniswa zibe izintambo ze-DC nezintambo ze-AC.Ngokuya ngezindawo ezahlukahlukene zokusetshenziswa nezisetshenziswa, zihlukaniswa ngale ndlela elandelayo:
Izintambo ze-DC zisetshenziselwa kakhulu:
Ukuxhumana kochungechunge phakathi kwezingxenye;
Ukuxhumana okuhambisanayo phakathi kwezintambo naphakathi kwezintambo namabhokisi okusabalalisa e-DC (amabhokisi okuhlanganisa);
Phakathi kwamabhokisi okusabalalisa e-DC nama-inverters.
Amakhebuli e-AC asetshenziselwa kakhulu:
Ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-inverters kanye nama-transformer akhuphukayo;
Ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-transformer akhuphukayo kanye namadivayisi wokusabalalisa;
Ukuxhumana phakathi kwamadivayisi okusabalalisa kanye namagridi kagesi noma abasebenzisi.
Izidingo zezintambo ze-photovoltaic
Izintambo ezisetshenziswa engxenyeni ephansi ye-DC yokudlulisa i-voltage ye-solar photovoltaic power generation system inezidingo ezihlukene zokuxhuma izingxenye ezahlukene ngenxa yezindawo ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe.Izici eziphelele okufanele zicatshangelwe yilezi: ukusebenza kokufakwa kwekhebula, ukusebenza kokushisa nokunciphisa ilangabi, ukusebenza okunqanda ukuguga kanye nokucaciswa kobubanzi bezintambo.Amakhebula e-DC abekwe kakhulu ngaphandle futhi adinga ukuvikeleka umswakama, angangeni elangeni, angabanda, futhi angangenwa yi-UV.Ngakho-ke, izintambo ze-DC ezinhlelweni ezisabalalisiwe ze-photovoltaic ngokuvamile zikhetha izintambo ezikhethekile eziqinisekisiwe ze-photovoltaic.Lolu hlobo lwekhebula lokuxhuma lusebenzisa umgodla wokufakwa kwezingqimba ezimbili, onokumelana kahle kakhulu ne-UV, amanzi, i-ozone, i-asidi, nokuguguleka kukasawoti, amandla amahle kakhulu wesimo sezulu sonke kanye nokumelana nokugqokwa.Uma kucatshangelwa isixhumi se-DC kanye nokuphumayo kwamanje kwemojula ye-photovoltaic, izintambo ze-photovoltaic DC ezivame ukusetshenziswa yi-PV1-F1 * 4mm2, PV1-F1 * 6mm2, njll.
Izintambo ze-AC zisetshenziswa kakhulu ukusuka ohlangothini lwe-AC lwe-inverter kuya ebhokisini lesihlanganisi se-AC noma ikhabhinethi exhunywe kugridi ye-AC.Kumakhebula e-AC afakwe ngaphandle, umswakama, ilanga, amakhaza, ukuvikelwa kwe-UV, nokubekwa kwebanga elide kufanele kucatshangelwe.Ngokuvamile, izintambo zohlobo lwe-YJV zisetshenziswa;kumakhebula e-AC afakwe endlini, ukuvikelwa komlilo nokuvikelwa kwamagundane nezintuthwane kufanele kubhekwe.
Ukukhetha impahla yekhebula
Izintambo ze-DC ezisetshenziswa eziteshini zamandla e-photovoltaic zisetshenziselwa kakhulu umsebenzi wangaphandle wesikhathi eside.Ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwezimo zokwakha, izixhumi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuxhumekeni kwekhebula.Izinto ze-cable conductor zingahlukaniswa zibe yi-copper core kanye ne-aluminium core.
Izintambo eziwumgogodla wethusi zinamandla okulwa ne-antioxidant angcono kune-aluminium, impilo ende, ukuzinza okungcono, ukwehla kwamandla kagesi kanye nokuncipha kwamandla aphansi.Ekwakhiweni, ama-copper cores aguquguquka kakhulu futhi i-radius yokugoba evumelekile incane, ngakho-ke kulula ukujika nokudlula emapayipini.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-copper cores amelana nokukhathala futhi akulula ukuphuka ngemva kokugoba okuphindaphindiwe, ngakho-ke izintambo zilungile.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-copper cores anamandla amakhulu emishini futhi angakwazi ukumelana nokucindezeleka okukhulu kwemishini, okuletha ukunethezeka okukhulu ekwakhiweni nasekubekweni, futhi kudala izimo zokwakha imishini.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngenxa yezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ze-aluminium, izintambo eziyinhloko ze-aluminium zivame ukuvela kwi-oxidation (i-electrochemical reaction) ngesikhathi sokufakwa, ikakhulukazi i-creep, engaholela kalula ekuhlulekeni.
Ngakho-ke, nakuba izindleko zezintambo eziyinhloko ze-aluminium ziphansi, ngenxa yokuphepha kwephrojekthi kanye nokusebenza okuzinzile isikhathi eside, u-Rabbit Jun uncoma ukusebenzisa izintambo eziyinhloko zethusi kumaphrojekthi we-photovoltaic.
Ukubalwa kokukhethwa kwekhebula le-photovoltaic
Ikalwe okwamanje
Indawo ephambanayo yezintambo ze-DC ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zesistimu ye-photovoltaic inqunywa ngokuvumelana nalezi zimiso ezilandelayo: Izintambo zokuxhuma phakathi kwamamojula weseli yelanga, izintambo zokuxhuma phakathi kwamabhethri, kanye nezintambo zokuxhuma zemithwalo ye-AC ngokuvamile zikhethwa ngesilinganiso esilinganiselwe. yamanje izikhathi ezingu-1.25 ubukhulu bokusebenza okuqhubekayo kwekhebula ngayinye;
izintambo zokuxhuma phakathi kwama-solar cell arrays kanye nama-arrays, kanye nezintambo zokuxhuma phakathi kwamabhethri (amaqembu) nama-inverters ngokuvamile akhethwa okwamanje okulinganiselwe izikhathi ezingu-1.5 ubukhulu bamanje bokusebenza obuqhubekayo bekhebula ngalinye.
Njengamanje, ukukhethwa kwe-cable cross-section ikakhulukazi kusekelwe ebudlelwaneni phakathi kobubanzi bekhebula kanye nezamanje, futhi umthelela wezinga lokushisa elizungezile, ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kagesi, kanye nendlela yokubeka kumthamo wamanje wokuthwala wezintambo ngokuvamile azinakwa.
Ezimweni ezihlukene zokusetshenziswa, umthamo wamanje wokuthwala wekhebula, futhi kuyatuswa ukuthi ububanzi bentambo kufanele bukhethwe phezulu uma i-current iseduze nenani eliphakeme.
Ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kwezintambo ze-photovoltaic ezinobubanzi obuncane kubangele umlilo ngemva kokuba umsinga ugcwele kakhulu
Ukulahleka kukagesi
Ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kagesi ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic kungabonakala ngokuthi: ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kagesi = okwamanje * ubude bekhebula * isici se-voltage.Kungabonakala kufomula ukuthi ukulahleka kwe-voltage kuhambisana nobude bekhebula.
Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokuhlola endaweni, isimiso sokugcina uhlu ku-inverter kanye ne-inverter endaweni yokuxhuma igridi eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kufanele kulandelwe.
Ezinhlelweni ezijwayelekile, ukulahleka komugqa we-DC phakathi kwe-photovoltaic array kanye ne-inverter akudluli u-5% we-voltage ye-array ephumayo, futhi ukulahleka komugqa we-AC phakathi kwe-inverter nendawo yokuxhuma igridi akudluli u-2% we-voltage ephumayo ye-inverter.
Enqubweni yokufaka isicelo sobunjiniyela, ifomula yokuhlola ingasetshenziswa: △U=(I*L*2)/(r*S)
△U: ikhebula le-voltage drop-V
I: Ikhebuli idinga ukumelana nentambo ephezulu-A
L: ubude bokubeka ikhebula-m
S: indawo ye-cable cross-sectional-mm2;
r: conductivity conductor-m/(Ω*mm2;), r ithusi=57, r aluminium=34
Uma ubeka izintambo eziningi eziyinhloko ezinqwaba, umklamo udinga ukunaka amaphuzu
Ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, kucatshangelwa izici ezifana nendlela yokufaka izintambo kanye nemikhawulo yomzila, izintambo zezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic, ikakhulukazi izintambo ze-AC, zingase zibe nezintambo eziningi eziyisisekelo eziningi ezibekwe ziyinqwaba.
Isibonelo, ohlelweni oluncane lwezigaba ezintathu, ulayini ophumayo we-AC usebenzisa "umugqa owodwa amakhora amane" noma "umugqa owodwa wamakhora amahlanu";ohlelweni lwezigaba ezintathu zomthamo omkhulu, ulayini ophumayo we-AC usebenzisa izintambo eziningi ngokuhambisana esikhundleni sezintambo ezinomgogodla owodwa wobubanzi obukhulu.
Uma izintambo eziningi ezinamanzika amaningi zibekwe ziyinqwaba, umthamo wamanje wokuthwala wezintambo uzoncishiswa ngengxenye ethile, futhi lesi simo sokuncishiswa sidinga ukucatshangelwa ekuqaleni komklamo wephrojekthi.
Izindlela zokubeka ikhebula
Izindleko zokwakha ubunjiniyela bekhebula kumaphrojekthi wokukhiqiza amandla we-photovoltaic ngokuvamile ziphakeme, futhi ukukhethwa kwendlela yokubeka kuthinta ngqo izindleko zokwakha.
Ngakho-ke, ukuhlela okunengqondo nokukhetha okulungile kwezindlela zokubeka ikhebula kuyizixhumanisi ezibalulekile emsebenzini wokuklama ikhebula.
Indlela yokubeka ikhebula icutshungulwa ngokuphelele ngokusekelwe esimweni sephrojekthi, izimo zemvelo, ukucaciswa kwekhebula, amamodeli, ubuningi nezinye izici, futhi ikhethwa ngokuvumelana nezidingo zokusebenza okuthembekile nokugcinwa okulula kanye nesimiso sokucabangela kwezobuchwepheshe nezomnotho.
Ukufakwa kwezintambo ze-DC kumaphrojekthi wokukhiqiza amandla kagesi we-photovoltaic ikakhulukazi kuhlanganisa ukungcwatshwa okuqondile ngesihlabathi nezitini, ukubeka ngamapayipi, ukubeka emikhombeni, ukubeka emiseleni yekhebula, ukubeka emhubheni, njll.
Ukubekwa kwezintambo ze-AC akuhlukile kakhulu ezindleleni zokubeka zezinhlelo zamandla ajwayelekile.
Izintambo ze-DC zisetshenziswa kakhulu phakathi kwamamojula e-photovoltaic, phakathi kwezintambo namabhokisi okuhlanganisa e-DC, naphakathi kwamabhokisi okuhlanganisa nama-inverter.
Zinezindawo ezincane eziphambanayo kanye nenani elikhulu.Imvamisa, izintambo ziboshwe ngakubakaki bemojula noma zibekwe ngamapayipi.Lapho ubeka, okulandelayo kufanele kubhekwe:
Ukuze kuxhunywe izintambo phakathi kwamamojula nezintambo zokuxhuma phakathi kwezintambo namabhokisi okuhlanganisa, amabakaki emojula kufanele asetshenziswe njengokwesekwa kwesiteshi nokulungiswa kokubeka ikhebula ngangokunokwenzeka, okunganciphisa umthelela wezinto zemvelo ngokwezinga elithile.
Amandla okubeka ikhebula kufanele afane futhi afanele, futhi akufanele aqine kakhulu.Umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku kumasayithi e-photovoltaic ngokuvamile mkhulu, futhi ukwanda okushisayo nokufinyela kufanele kugwenywe ukuvimbela ukuphuka kwekhebula.
Ikhebula lezinto ezibonakalayo ze-photovoltaic liholela ebusweni besakhiwo kufanele licabangele i-aesthetics jikelele yesakhiwo.
Indawo yokubeka kufanele igweme ukubeka izintambo emaphethelweni acijile ezindongeni nakubakaki ukuze kugwenywe ukusika nokugaya ungqimba lwe-insulation ukuze kubangele amasekhethi amafushane, noma amandla okugunda ukusika izintambo futhi kubangele amasekhethi avuleke.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinkinga ezifana nokushaya kombani oqondile emigqeni yekhebula kufanele zicatshangelwe.
Hlela ngokunengqondo indlela yokubeka ikhebula, wehlise iziphambano, futhi uhlanganise ukubeka ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze unciphise ukumbiwa komhlaba nokusetshenziswa kwekhebula phakathi nokwakhiwa kwephrojekthi.
Ulwazi lwezindleko zekhebula le-Photovoltaic
Intengo yezintambo ezifanelekile ze-photovoltaic DC emakethe njengamanje iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngendawo enqamula izingxenye kanye nevolumu yokuthenga.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zekhebula zihlobene nomklamo wesiteshi samandla.Isakhiwo sengxenye ethuthukisiwe singalondoloza ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo ze-DC.
Ngokuvamile, izindleko zezintambo ze-photovoltaic zisukela cishe ku-0.12 kuye ku-0.25/W.Uma idlula kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuhlola ukuthi umklamo unengqondo yini noma ukuthi izintambo ezikhethekile zisetshenziselwa izizathu ezikhethekile.
Isifinyezo
Nakuba izintambo ze-photovoltaic ziyingxenye encane yesistimu ye-photovoltaic, akulula njengoba kucatshangwa ukukhetha izintambo ezifanele ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga eliphansi lengozi yephrojekthi, ukuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kokunikezwa kwamandla, nokwenza lula ukwakhiwa, ukusebenza nokugcinwa.Ngethemba ukuthi isingeniso kulesi sihloko singakunikeza ukwesekwa kwethiyori ekwakhiweni nasekukhethweni kwesikhathi esizayo.
Sicela uzizwe ukhululekile ukusithinta ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe ngamakhebula elanga.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-19-2024
